Global Temperature Reconstructions

Global-Scale Temperature Patterns and Climate Forcing Over the Past Six Centuries

Michael E. Mann and Raymond S. Bradley
Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA

Malcom K. Hughes
Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona

Published: © 1998, Macmillan Publisher Ltd.
Nature, Vol. 392, p.779-787

General Information:

  • NOAA Paleoclimatology Site
  • Univ. of Massachusetts Press Release and Press Kit
  • Nature Summary
  • Nature News & Views in html or pdf format
  • Science Compass piece and Followup
  • Graphics:

  • Assorted high-resolution JPEG Images
  • Northern Hemisphere Temperature Reconstruction in JPEG or postscript
  • Article:

  • Photo Reprint (pdf format)
    [Corrigendum(Mann, Bradley, and Hughes, 2004)]
  • Manuscript+Figures (separate postscript files)
  • Supplementary Information: Proxy Data and Statistical Results
  • Data:

  • Revised Supplementary Material
  • NH series back to AD 1400 (reconstruction, raw data, and uncertainties)>
  • Full Spatial Reconstructions (click on "Retrieve Data"; see "readme")
  • Reconstructed Eigenvector series (click on "Retrieve Data"; see "readme")
  • Regional and S. Hemisphere series (see "README")
  • Instrumental Temperature eigenvectors (1902-1993)
  • Climate Forcing Series (see "README")
  • Minor Data Correction - 27 September 2021
  • Media coverage:

  • Time Magazine
  • US News & World Report
  • USA Today
  • ABC News
  • NBC News
  • New York Times (Sciences News section)